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Original Article

A Study on Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Deep Fractured Rock Using Long-Term Pumping Test Data and Diagnostic Analysis of Head Derivative

장기 양수시험 자료 및 도함수 진단 분석을 활용한 심부 균열암반 현지 수리특성 평가 연구

Hangbok Lee1
,
Cholwoo Lee1*
이 항복1
,
이 철우1*
1Principal Researcher, Deep Subsurface Storage and Disposal Research Center, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources
1한국지질자원연구원 심층처분환경연구센터 책임연구원
*Corresponding Author
28 February 2025. pp. 16-27
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Abstract

This study evaluates the hydrogeological properties of deep fractured rock in Korea by applying the diagnostic analysis of head derivative to long-term pumping test data. Pumping tests were conducted in three deep boreholes (Nakmin, Bugok, and Jangjeon) located in granite and volcanic rock formations. The drawdown data measured in these boreholes were analyzed using the derivative method. By simultaneously matching the standard curves of suitable analytical models with both the drawdown curves and their derivatives, the hydraulic conductivity of the fractured rock was determined. The Nakmin borehole was best described by a generalized radial flow model, while the Bugok borehole was best represented by a double porosity model, and the Jangjeon borehole was most consistent with a constant head boundary model. The derivative analysis effectively identified early hydraulic responses (wellbore storage and skin effects), flow regime transitions, and hydraulic boundary effects, which were difficult to detect using conventional drawdown curves alone. The effective application of diagnostic analysis facilitates the optimal selection of analytical models, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of hydraulic properties derived from pumping tests in fractured rock.

Keywords
Long-term pumping test
Diagnostic analysis of head derivative
Deep fractured rock
Analytical model
Hydraulic boundary effect

본 연구에서는 장기 양수시험 자료를 도함수 진단 분석 방법에 적용하여 국내 심부 균열암반 대수층의 수리특성을 평가하였다. 양수시험은 화강암과 화산암 지역 내 위치한 3개(낙민, 부곡, 장전)의 심부 시추공에서 수행되었으며, 시추공에서 측정된 수위강하 데이터를 도함수 분석에 사용하였다. 일반적인 수위강하 곡선과 수위강하 변화율인 도함수 곡선을 동시에 적합한 해석모델의 표준곡선에 중첩하는 과정을 통해 균열암반의 대표적인 수리특성인 수리전도도를 산출하였다. 낙민 시추공에서는 일반 방사상 유동 모델이 적합한 것으로 나타났고, 부곡 시추공에서는 이중 공극 모델이, 장전 지역 시추공에서는 고정수두경계 모델이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 도함수 분석을 통해 기존 시간에 대한 압력변화인 수위강하 곡선에서는 파악하기 어려웠던 시험 초반 수리적 반응(공내저류 및 스킨효과)과 흐름 양상 전이, 그리고 수리적 경계 효과를 상대적으로 명확하게 판별할 수 있었다. 도함수 진단 분석의 효과적인 활용은 해석모델 최적 선정을 용이하게 하여, 결과적으로 양수시험을 통한 균열암반 내 수리특성 평가의 정확도와 신뢰도 향상에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

키워드
장기 양수시험
도함수 진단 분석
심부 균열암반
해석모델
수리적 경계 효과
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국암반공학회
  • Journal Title :Tunnel and Underground Space
  • Journal Title(Ko) :터널과 지하공간
  • Volume : 35
  • No :1
  • Pages :16-27
  • Received Date : 2025-01-14
  • Revised Date : 2025-02-04
  • Accepted Date : 2025-02-06
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7474/TUS.2025.35.1.016
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